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Dear Journal of Gazi Academic View Readers,

We are happy to meet you in our 14th year. The challenges of the Covid-19 continue. Under the challenges of this pandemic, we present the 28th issue to your attention. We would like to thank our editorial board, advisory board, editorial secretariat, referees and of course authors who contributed to this issue. There are 14 articles in Turkish and English and a book review that were approved following the completion of the blind review process by our editorial board. 5 of these articles are in the field of Political Science and International Relations, and 9 of them are in the field of history. Articles in
the fields of International Relations and Political Science are in the fields of Foreign Policy, Regional Studies, Military Studies and Government Studies. The articles in the field of history cover the political, economic, military and cultural issues of the Great Seljuk and Ottoman Empires and the Republic of Turkey. One article which is on “Slavery” is on “Early Modern History”

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şafak Oğuz and Prof. Dr. Mehmet Seyfettin Erol, in their article “The End of the INF Agreement: Are We Entering a New Cold War Era?” analyze the possible consequences of repealing the Medium Range Nuclear Forces Convention signed between the USA and Russia in 1987, which prohibits the development, testing and deployment of medium range missiles. Dr. Murat Kasapsaraçoğlu, in his article titled “ Turkey’s Domestic Politics in the American Archives: Ecevit and Demirel Governments (1974-1980)” discuss the reflections of Bülent Ecevit’s Republican People’s Party’s struggle against Demirel’s Justice Party in the American documents. PhD Student Samet Yüce and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Philipp O. AMOUR, in their work titled “ Russia is Back to the Balancing Game”, discuss the “balancing game” carried out by Russia in Syria and Libya after the Arab Spring to increase its influence and to restrain US involvement. Dr. Aydın Yiğit, in his article titled “The Iraqi Turkmen and Turkey During the Formation Process of the Interim Iraqi Governing Council According to the Turkish Press”, discuss the relations between the US, Coalition Forces and the Iraqi opposition groups in the 2003 Iraq War, after Turkey’s refusal to involve in the war. Aydın observed the exclusion policy towards the Turkmens in the governments established in Iraq. Dr. Resul Alkan, in his article titled “Turkish-German Military Relations in the Early Years of the Republic and the Activities of General Hilmar von Mittelberger in Military Academy” examined the activities of 36 German officers in the Turkish Army and Naval Academy through the example of General Hilmar von Mittelberger, who was the military attaché at the German embassy in Turkey between 1925 and 1939. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Köksal, in his article titled “ The Price of the Alliance: Editorial The effect of the Russian Black Sea Fleet Problem on Ottoman Public Opinion in the First World War”, evaluated the importance of Russia’s Black Sea fleet for the Germans and their allies, through the historical facts and international law. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdurrahman Bozkurt, in his article titled “Russian Demands towards the Turkish Straits and Britain’s Attitude Before World War I (1908-1914)”, examines the policies of Britain and other colonial powers, in response to the demands of the Russian Empire on the Turkish Straits between 1908-1914. Dr. Igor Josipović and lecturer Marko Vujeva analyzed the impact of slavery and the plantation economy on the efficiency of three-sided international trade in the Early Modern Period in their article titled “Economic Aspects of Slavery in the Triangular Trade in the Early Modern Period”. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ercan Karakoç and PhD Student Gökhan Durak in their article titled “The Reign of Sultan Abdulaziz in the American Press discussed the reflection of the Sultan Abdüzaziz period on the American Press. Prof. Dr. Ali Efdal Özkul in his article titled “An Armenian Family of Dragomans (Translators) and Activities Led by Sarkis Aga in Cyprus Under the Ottoman Rule” examined the translation activities carried out by Avakoğlu Serkis Ağa a member of the Ottoman Armenian community and his family for the consulates of France, England
and the Netherlands. Dr. Sinan Tarifçi, in his article titled “A Study on Salaries, Income Sources, Financial Situations of the Qadis in the Great Seljuqs Period” made a research on the salaries, income sources and accumulations of the judges in the period of the Great Seljuq Empire. Prof. Dr. Mahmut Ak in his work titled “Angora Goat Based on the Observations and Evaluations of Western Travellers” explains the story of the Angora goat by using the travel writings of Western travelers. Dr. Esin Kaptan and Prof. Dr. Bayram Akça, in their work titled “Industry in Isparta and Its Contributions to the Economy Between 1923-1980” discussed the development of industry in Isparta city based on rose, rose oil production and carpet weaving between 1923-1980 and the contributions of industry in Isparta to the Turkish economy. Last but not least, Dr. İbrahim İrdem and Asilkan Lenger, in their article titled “Urbanization of Ankara and Its Problems Over the Period of 1923 to 1950” conducted a study on the urbanization of Ankara between 1923-1950 in the context of Turkey’s modernization effort during the period of the Republic of Turkey

We conclude this issue of the Journal of Gazi Academic View with a book review written by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yücel Güçlü from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey, Güçlü reviewed Nejla Günay’s book “Zoraki İttifaktan Yol Ayrımına İttihat-Terakki ve Ermeniler”. Gazi Academic View is a journal that realizes academic ethical values as one of the core principles of academic life. For this reason, it has struggled for compliance with scientific research and publication ethics and will continue to do so. As stated in the second part of the Higher Education Council (YÖK) Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive (https://www.yok.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Kurumsal/mevzuat/ bilimsel-arastirma-ve-etik-yonetmeligi.aspx), the actions that are contrary to the ethics of scientific research and publication are plagiarism, falsification, distortion, republishing, and unfair authorship. In this context, the Journal of Gazi Academic View is doing what is necessary to combat such actions.

Sincerely
Editors